• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method is disclosed, for depolluting fresh and sea waters from hydrocarbonaceous pollutants, the improvement consisting in that the usual microorganism cultures used for oxidizing the hydrocarbons are integrated by lipophilic and floating compounds which contain slow-release nitrogen in a form which can be assimilated by such micro-organisms. Ureidic derivatives of higher aldehydes are the preferred compounds. Inert supports can be used, if necessary, and still better results are achieved when using also nonionic dispersants and freeze-dried hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms.
    公开号:SU730294A3
    申请号:SU762424503
    申请日:1976-12-03
    公开日:1980-04-25
    发明作者:Маркони Вальтер；Ольвьери Роберто；Робертьелло Андрэ；Деген Людвиг
    申请人:Снам Прогетти С.П. А. (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) METHOD FOR CLEANING SEA WATER FROM OIL The invention relates to a method for cleaning sea water from oil products. A method for cleaning sea water from oil products using a certain microorganism strain is known 1. The prototype of the invention is a method of purifying seawater from oil with reagents consisting of nutrient nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing salts and mixtures of microorganisms, mainly of marine origin 2. However, the known method does not have a sufficiently high degree of purification. more than half. The aim of the invention is to increase the degree of purification. This is achieved by the proposed method of purification of seawater from oil using microorganisms and compositions based on nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing salts, which combine with lipophilic compounds — ureide derivatives of aldehydes with carbon atoms less than or equal to 4, floating on the surface and releasing nitrogen. assimilated by microorganisms. Combinations based on poorly water-soluble salts, in particular paraffinized magnesium-ammonium phosphates, with compounds that are lipophilic and are able to swim as such, or which are melted at parafknization, and which contain slowly released nitrogen, which are assimilated by microorganisms one can obtain more favorable ratios of phosphorus and nitrogen to oil, which contribute to biological degradation, with significant savings in magnesium and ammonium. Compounds that are most suitable for this purpose belong to the xHNM4ecKOMy class of urea aldehyde derivatives, which are easily obtained and, moreover, float on the surface and are lipophilic as such, if the aldehydes contain 4 or more carbon atoms. The use of substances with a low specific gravity in slowly releasing nutrients makes it possible to significantly reduce the amount of paraffin. Paraffin in this case acts as a sticking agent and lipophilizing agents; in this case, buoyancy is provided by substances with a low specific gravity. The following can be used as substances with a low specific gravity: cork dust or cork granulate, sawdust, flour made from maize rods (usually husks) or foam silicates, for example, pumice stone, porous rhyolite, vermiculite, etc. In addition, in the case of the use of urea derivatives of higher aldehydes, such derivatives replace paraffins, as well as substances with a low specific gravity, because, due to their physical properties, they can be used to coat poorly soluble phosphates, such as magnesium-ammonium phosphates, calcium phosphates. and the like, and in this way it is possible to obtain lipophilic granules floating on the surface. Substances used according to the invention can be stored for a long time, they are not toxic products, they are easy to pareios to their place of application, they can be easily distributed on contaminated surfaces, they are able to destroy hydrocarbons and crude oil in a short time. . Nutrients accelerate the process of natural biological degradation. contamination without disturbing the ecological balance. At the end of the use, no residues remain, and in the case of porous bodies, the residues are only minerals that already exist in the natural environment. The advantage of the proposed method of biological treatment is achieved with the use of non-ionic dispersant gants. They have a synergistic effect on the action of nutrients, since they provide a better distribution of the nutrients contained in these compounds in the oil phase. In addition, in some cases, improved biological purification can be obtained by adding freeze-dried microorganisms to these compounds, which oxidize hydrocarbons. Example 1. In a 500-m flask with a ground stopper containing 200 MP of seawater Cut Ostia, Rome), unsterilized together with fUO mg of Vasr crude oil, 5 mg of paraffinated magnesium ammonium phosphate {MgNPl iPO4-6H2O) granule was added, and 12 g of 1-ureid-1-hydroxy-3-methylbutane. Magnesium ammonium phosphate paraffin in the following way. 8 g of magnesium-ammonium phosphate () is mixed with 50 ml of ethyl ether, which contains 2 g of a paraffin-socks mixture with a dot. melting in the range of from 58 to 60 ° C. The ether is removed in vacuo. Flasks are incubated at 25 s with stirring by rotation (100 rpm with an eccentricity of 5 cm). Every 6 days, starting from the first day, the remains of crude oil are determined by extraction of CCE4 using the following procedure, 2.5 ml of 0.5 H.HCf, 50 ml of CCf and 4-5 g of glass beads with a diameter of about 0 are charged into the flasks. 5 mm. Hermetically sealed flasks are shaken for 15 minutes on a shaker (ca. 500 v / ml). A sample of the organic phase filtered on anhydrous sodium sulfate is analyzed. Several flasks are used as controls, in which only sea water and crude oil are contained, without nutrient salts. The results are shown in Fig. 1, where the rests of crude oil in% are plotted on the ordinate, and the days in days are plotted on the abscissa. Curve 1 (see Fig. 1) shows changes in the concentration of crude oil in the control experiment; on curve 2, the same in the processed experience. Example 2. 12.2 g of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MdYNDROD-6H2O), 11.6 g of croton or di-durea and 50 g of porous p olite are stirred up in 500 ml of a solution of 20 g of paraffin (mp. 58-60 C) in pentane. The solvent is distilled off under vacuum on a rotary evaporator. Prepare two sets of 500 ml flasks containing, as in Example 1, 200 ml of water and 100 mg of Qasr crude each. 18 mg of granulate is added to the first set of flasks. The second set of flasks is a control (sea water and crude oil). The flasks are incubated and the oil phase is extracted, analogously to example 1. The results obtained are shown in Fig. 2, where the residual oil in% is plotted on the ordinate and the time in days is on the abscissa. Curve 1 refers to control flasks, and Curve 2 refers to the same substance, but treated as in Example 2. Example 3. 40 g of magnesium-ammonium phosphate (MgNH4PO46H2O) and 20 g of cortical dust are stirred into a solution of 2 g of paraffin (m.p. 58-60 C) in pentane. The solvent is then distilled off as in Example 2. To three sets of 500 ml flasks, in which, as in Example 1, 200 ml of seawater and 100 mg of Qasr crude are added: 1) b2 mg of granulate obtained the above method and 5 mg of emulsifier (2,2-oxyethylamine); 2) the same as in p, 1, but without an emulsifier; 3) control (sea water and crude oil). The flasks are incubated and the oil phase is extracted, analogously to example 1. The results obtained are shown in Fig. 3 where the residual crude oil remains in.%, And the time in days is abscissa. Curves 1,2 and 3 refer to the first, second, and third. I complex, respectively.
    Example 4. 40 g of magnesium-ammonium phosphate and 120 g of 1-ureid-1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropane are stirred in 500 ml of a solution of 20 g of paraffin in pentane. The solvent was distilled off as in Example 2. In Example 3, three sets of sea water and crude oil are prepared. To the flasks of the first set, 18 mg of the granulate, obtained as indicated, is added together with a mixture of alkyloxypoly (ethyleneoxy) ethanols. The flasks of the second set are added with 18 g of granulate and the flasks of the third set are used as control 1 - e (without adding anything else). The flasks are incubated and extracted as above, the results are shown in figure 4.
    Curves 1,2 and 3 refer to the first, second and third sets, respectively.
    Example 5. According to the method of Example 1, four sets of flasks are prepared in which sea water and crude oil are located. In flasks of the first and second sets, 5 mg of paraffined magnesium ammonium phosphate granule and 12 mg of 1-ureid-1-hydroxy-3-methylbutane are added. The flasks of the first set, in addition, are incubated with 1 mg of oxidizing hydrocarbons, dried by freezing of bacteria. The third set of flasks without nutrients is incubated with 1 mg of freeze-dried bacteria.
    the flasks of the fourth set are left without treatment as controls. The results are shown in figure 5. Curves 1, 2, 3 and 4 refer, respectively, to the first, second, Ti, and fourth sets of flasks.
    Thus, under normal conditions, 18 mg of the nutrient system (by weight) based on the weight of the crude oil is sufficient to reduce the content of contaminating crude oil products in the sea seaweed by half for eight days. When nutrient systems are not injected, reducing the content of contaminated substances by half is never a success.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    20
    The method of purification of seawater from oil using microorganisms and compositions based on nitrogen and phosphorus-containing salts, characterized in that, in order to increase
    25 degrees of purification, the compounds are combined with lipophilic compounds in - ureidal aldehyde derivatives with a number of carbon atoms less than or equal to 4, floating on the surface and releasing nitrogen, assimilable myco-organisms.
    Information sources,
    , taken into account in the examination 1. US patent number 3856667, kl.210-1
    publ. 1974 .. 1
    2 .lAAcroovganistTius consume 3 in spatters, Sapt. 3 pap. 48-49 (prototype). 40
    Vui.l th day
    futt
    ML
    70
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE2654909A1|1977-06-08|
    CA1085755A|1980-09-16|
    NL7613528A|1977-06-07|
    AU500241B2|1979-05-17|
    US4087356A|1978-05-02|
    NO144771B|1981-07-27|
    DK146124B|1983-07-04|
    DK535576A|1977-06-04|
    NO764099L|1977-06-06|
    CH630324A5|1982-06-15|
    IL50879A|1979-10-31|
    DK146124C|1983-11-28|
    FR2346292B1|1981-08-07|
    SE7613626L|1977-06-04|
    NL175285C|1984-10-16|
    NO144771C|1981-11-04|
    LU76305A1|1977-06-08|
    HU178724B|1982-06-28|
    ZA766542B|1977-10-26|
    AU1933876A|1978-05-11|
    CS203137B2|1981-02-27|
    JPS5268751A|1977-06-07|
    DD127476A5|1977-09-28|
    DE2654909B2|1978-08-31|
    IL50879D0|1977-01-31|
    FR2346292A1|1977-10-28|
    IT1051033B|1981-04-21|
    YU290276A|1982-08-31|
    DE2654909C3|1979-04-26|
    GB1542154A|1979-03-14|
    NL175285B|1984-05-16|
    BE849067A|1977-06-03|
    引用文献:
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    DE1814439A1|1968-02-23|1969-10-16|Continental Oil Co|Low-foaming nonionic detergents|
    US3843517A|1970-01-08|1974-10-22|Grace W R & Co|Methods for elimination of oil slicks|
    FR2079506A5|1970-02-03|1971-11-12|Salomone Georges|
    US3959127A|1973-12-05|1976-05-25|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy|Biodegradation of oil on water surfaces|US4230562A|1976-09-01|1980-10-28|Snamprogetti S.P.A.|Method for depolluting fresh water and salt water bodies from crude oil, petroleum products and their derivatives|
    CH653362A5|1980-09-19|1985-12-31|Elf Aquitaine|PROCESS FOR THE CULTURE OF MICROORGANISMS WITH THE USE OF NUTRITIVE SUBSTANCES.|
    DE69007290T2|1989-09-01|1994-06-16|Wool Res Organisation|ABSORBENT MATERIALS AND THEIR USE.|
    US5244574A|1991-02-11|1993-09-14|Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem|Method for treating oil spills on water|
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    US5342525A|1991-10-28|1994-08-30|Rowsell Farrell D|Method for aiding microbial degradation of spilled oil|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    IT29959/75A|IT1051033B|1975-12-03|1975-12-03|METHOD FOR THE POLLUTION OF FRESH AND MARINE WATERS FROM OIL|
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